Let’s be clear that cheating is absolutely never okay and there’s no excuse for it. That said, plenty of people probably want to know what relationship patterns usually lead to cheating. This is not to excuse an unfaithful partner’s behavior, it’s just to explain how infidelity happens. With that understanding, let’s dive in.
The Study
In 2002, experts at Tilburg University set out to understand cheating by analyzing 1,000 study participants over the course of eight years. The study, titled Estranged and Unhappy? was created in order to figure out if cheating is the result of relationship troubles, or if it causes issues within otherwise healthy relationships. The authors aptly wrote, “Infidelity is largely believed to have damaging consequences for personal and relationship well-being.”
The Results
Researchers found that the unfaithful partners felt stress and guilt, questioned their morality, and overall experienced “lower psychological well-being” after cheating. While that’s hardly surprising, what is interesting is that participants experienced lower levels of happiness within their relationship before cheating occurred. Major life events and stressors added to the likelihood of infidelity as well. The study reads, “By showing that well-being starts to decline before infidelity happens, this study provides a differentiated view on the temporal dynamics of infidelity.”
Basically, cheating can be a result of relationship problems rather than a cause.
A New Species of Pearl Oyster Is Found In Thailand
Oysters are expensive, no doubt about that. With their association with gorgeous jewelry and aphrodisiac connotations, these wonderful sea creatures are widely synonymous with high fashion and fine dining alike throughout the world. Recently, a new pearl oyster species was discovered on the Phuket Island of Thailand.
The New Species
Analyzing both molecular and morphological data, scientists and marine biologists have decided that this new pearl oyster species is a member of the Pinctada group. Categorized as Pinctada phuketensis, the species is confirmed to be closely related to the Pinctada nigra and Pinctada albina or the Sharks Bay pearl oyster. In the genus Pinctada, there are nearly 20 species distributed across the Western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific regions, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Many of these oyster species are well-used in pearl farming. But, while the pearl agriculture industry is rapidly growing, general understanding of the larger Pinctada species is still limited to some extent, making this recent discovery more significant.
The Careful Analysis
The discovery of the new pearl oyster species is described in a published paper in the ZooKeys journal. According to the paper, around 15 different species of pearl oyster were collected while scuba diving at the Dok Mai Island off Thailand’s western coast. A small sample from each species was taken for thorough DNA analysis, followed by detailed morphological examinations. As the team described, the new pearl oyster species is smaller than these related pearl oysters and lacks hinge teeth. Also, the external surface of the new species features distinct brownish stripes.
The Common Misconception
There’s a general misconception regarding pearl oysters, giving them the lion’s share of praise for producing the stunning white pearls used in jewelry. But, in reality, almost all kinds of mollusk species, including mussels and clams, can create peals. However, the analyst team has suggested that further work is needed on the broader Pinctada genus to learn more about their diversity, genetics, and evolution.